Boschniakia strobilacea
Boschniakia strobilacea A. GRAY, Pacific Railr. Rep. 4, pt. 5, no. 4 (Whipple): 118. (1856) 1857; A. GRAY, Bot. Calif. I: 585. 1876; A. GRAY, Syn. fl. North. Amer. 2 (1): 313. 1878; JEPSON, Erythea V: 63-66, fig. 1-2. 1897; K. BRANDEGEE, Contrib. to the knowl. of West. Amer. pl. in Zoë II: 78, t. XIII. 1891; HOWELL, Fl. N. W. Am. I: 541. 1899-1903; V. PIPER, Fl. of the stat. Washingt. XI: 522. 1906; confer K. M. WEIGAND, Bull. of Torrey Bot. Club XXIII: 355. 1896; MUNZ & KECK, Calif. Fl. 685. 1959; ABRAMS & FERRIS, Ill. Fl. Pacific States VI: 10. 1960; THOMAS, Fl. Sta. Cruz Mts. 321. 1961; MAGNEY in Madroño 34, 4: 379. 1987; KOZLOFF, Pl. W. Oregon, Wash. & B. C. 269 pl. 408. 2005
Synonyms:
- Kopsiopsis strobilacea (GRAY) G. BECK, Pflanzenreich 4 (261) 96: 306. 1930
Vernacular names:
- California ground cone [engl.]
- Large ground cone [engl.]
Description: -
Ic.: Abrams and Ferris, 1960 (p. 11 fig. 4961)
Biology: - Fl. (4)5-7. Forests or brush associated with manzanita shrubs (Arctostaphylos) or madrone tree. Grows in a wide range of plant communities from near sea level to 2277 m in the northern portion of range, and from 1450 m (at Dry Lake Ridges) to over 3015 m in southern California (Munz, A Calif. Fl. 1959; Abrams and Ferris, 1960)
Maps: Magney, 1987 (p. 380 - California, USA)
Host plants:
- Arctostaphylos Wells (Ericac.) sec. Brewer in Gray, 1878 (p. 314) Beck, 1930 (p. 306) Thomas, 1961 (p. 321) Kozloff, 2005 (p. 269)
- Arctostaphylos glandulosa Eastw. (Ericac.) sec. Magney, 1987 (p. 379)
- Arctostaphylos glauca Lindley (Ericac.) sec. Magney, 1987 (p. 379)
- Arctostaphylos nevadensis A. Gray (Ericac.) sec. Magney, 1987 (p. 379)
- Arctostaphylos parryana Lemmon (Ericac.) sec. Magney, 1987 (p. 379)
- Arctostaphylos patula E. Greene (Ericac.) sec. Magney, 1987 (p. 379)
- Arctostaphylos patula f. platyphylla (Gray) Wells (Ericac.) sec. Wayne P. Armstrong <http://daphne.palomar.edu/wayne/plnov99.htm>
- Arctostaphylos pungens Kunth (Ericac.) sec. Magney, 1987 (p. 379)
- Arctostaphylos tomentosa (Pursh) Lindley (Ericac.) sec. Magney, 1987 (p. 379)
- Arbutus menziesii Pursh (Ericac.) sec. Thomas, 1961 (p. 321) Magney, 1987 (p. 379) Kozloff, 2005 (p. 269)
Economical importance: - These young plants were eaten by the Karok (Baker 1981). Other species were also used as food and medicine. For example, the peeled roots of B. hookeri were eaten by the Luiseno. Vizgirdas and Rey-Vizgirdas, 2005 (p. 52)
General distribution: - USA: Southern Oregon south to southern California; from Vancouver Island, B. C., CAN (Macoun 1885 GH s.n.) south to San Jacinto Mts., Riverside Co., California (Reed s.a. JEPS 2535). A gap in this range has existed between San Benito Peak, San Benito Co. (Jepson s.a. JEPS 2718) and Mt. Williamson, San Gabriel Mts., Los Angeles Co. (Thorne et al. 09.11.1968 RSA s.n.), a distance of 330 km. Two recent collections have narrowed this gap: one in the Scodie Mts., Kern Co. (Shevock 03.07.1984 RSA, CAS 10948) and another on Dry Lakes Ridge, Ventura Co. (Magney 1983-86 UCSB 195-83, 124-84, 31-86, 32-86). Magney, 1987 (p. 379)
Examined specimen:
USA: - Southern Oregon: - Perennial parasit on Arctostaphylos, propagating by subterranean buds, dry soil, Ashland Butte, Wm. C. Cusick 15.07.1902 B 2884. - Josephine Co. Abrams and Ferris, 1960 (p. 10) Kozloff, 2005 (p. 269) - Jackson Co. Abrams and Ferris, 1960 (p. 10)
Further cited locations:
USA: - California: - Sta. Lucia mts. on Manzanita-roots, Brewer GH 470 (mounted with type specimen). Gray, 1876 (p. 585) Gray, 1878 (p. 314) Beck, 1930 (p. 306)
- San Bernardino Co.: - Without details, Lemmon 1876 (mounted with type specimen). Gray, 1878 (p. 314) Beck, 1930 (p. 306) - San Bernardino Mts., attached to the roots of pinemat manzanita (Arctostaphylos patula subsp. platyphylla), Wayne P. Armstrong. <http://daphne.palomar.edu/wayne/plnov99.htm>
- San Benito Co.: - 1 km W of Clear Creek, road on Mexican Lake Road, near San Benito, mtn. bare serpentine slope, 1270 m, B. Bartholomew & B. Anderson (4012) 04.05.1986 HITBC 44281.
- Santa Clara Co.: - Sta. Cruz Mts. Occasional in chaparral and on wooded slopes, parasitic on various species of Arctostaphylos and Arbutus menziesii; near Año Nuevo Point, Wrights, Boulder Creek, Brookdale, Felton, and Sierra Azule Ridge. Thomas, 1961 (p. 321)
- Kern Co.: - Scodie Mts. ca. 100 km N of Mt. Williamson site and 245 km SE San Benito Peak population, Shevock 03.07.1984 RSA, CAS 10948. Magney, 1987 (p. 379)
- Ventura Co.: - Dry Lake Ridges, 130 km W of Mt. Williamson, 235 km S of San Benito Peak, 170 km SW of Scodie Mts., Magney 1983-86 UCSB 195-83, 124-84, 31-86, 32-86. Magney, 1987 (p. 379)
